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Liquorice (confectionery)
Liquorice (spelled licorice in many regions) is a confection flavoured with the extract of the roots of the liquorice plant. A wide variety of liquorice sweets are produced around the world. In North America, liquorice is called black licorice to distinguish it from similar confectionery varieties that are not flavoured with liquorice extract but commonly manufactured in the form of chewy ropes or tubes. So called "black licorice" is also a widespread flavour in other forms of candy such as jellybeans. In addition to these, various other liquorice-based sweets are sold in the United Kingdom, such as liquorice allsorts. Dutch and Nordic liquorice characteristically contains ammonium chloride instead of sodium chloride, prominently so in salty liquorice.
The essential ingredients of liquorice candy are liquorice extract, sugar, and a binder. The binder is typically starch/flour, gum arabic, gelatin, or a combination thereof. Additional ingredients are extra flavouring, beeswax for a shiny surface, ammonium chloride, and molasses to give the end product the familiar black colour.〔(Information on Venco liquorice candy ) (In Dutch, MS-Word format)〕 Ammonium chloride is mainly used in salty liquorice candy, with concentrations up to about 8 percent. However, even regular liquorice candy can contain up to 2 percent ammonium chloride, the taste of which is less prominent due to the higher sugar concentration.〔The Dutch manufacturer Meenk offers detailed ingredient lists of its products: (regular ) and (salty ) liquorice candy (in Dutch).〕 Some liquorice candy is flavoured with anise oil instead of or in combination with liquorice root extract.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hersheys.com/nutrition/licorice.asp )〕
==Production==
During manufacturing, the ingredients are dissolved in water and heated to . In order to obtain sweets of the desired shapes, the liquid is poured into molds that are created by impressing holes into a container filled with starch powder. The liquid is then dried and the resulting sweets are sprayed with beeswax to make their surface shiny.〔Perry Romanowski, (How Products are Made: Licorice ), at enotes.com〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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